Behavior of regional atmospheric circulation processes that influence North America since the end of the 19th century
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Abstract
The fundamental characteristics of the atmospheric circulation groups in the hemispheric sector of North America are established from the Elementary Circulation Mechanisms of the classification created by B.L. Dzerdzeevskii and collaborators, for the period from 1899 to 2019 (121 years). The result contains the analysis of regional circulation macro processes, grouped according to latitudinal and longitudinal flows, their multiannual and seasonal variability, describes the behavior of the most frequent circulation group in the year, as well as the changes in flows identified during the study period; to finally establish, through their average annual frequencies, the macro processes that are representative for each one of the periods considered. The relevance of the group of southern longitudinal circulations in the increase in the transport of mass and energy towards high latitudes, since the 80s of the 20th century, is highlighted; as well as the regional macro process 9, predominant within the northern longitudinal, is relevant in the occurrence of sudden and notable Arctic invasions, that affect the region since the beginning of the 21st century. Finally, the fundamental characteristics that define the circulation eras are presented, according to the groups studied for the hemispheric sector of North America, which includes the low latitude geographic area where Cuba is located, marked by the seasonal oscillation of the border between the tropical and extra tropical zones.
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