State of the climate in Cuba 2024. Extended summary
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Abstract
This report shows the behavior of the main indicators that characterized Cuba's climate during 2024, as well as some factors that regulate climate variability in the region. The main extreme meteorological and climatic phenomena that affected the national territory during the year are shown (extreme events due to heat, waves, droughts and tropical cyclones) with significant impacts on the country's economy. The "Outbreak" of severe weather that occurred during the winter season was a rare event in a large area such as western Cuba. Although an ENSO event of great significance did not develop, the existence of neutral conditions during the second half of the year and its evolution towards an AENOS, favored the occurrence of a very active cyclonic season in the area, the impact on Cuba of a tropical storm and two hurricanes, which favored the generation of strong waves in waters near the national territory. The sustained increase in the average temperature in Cuba remains consistent with what has been recorded at the global and regional level. All information is kept in reference to the standard climatological normal 1991-2020, which makes it possible to compare recent observations as well as to calculate deviations or anomalies of a value with respect to that reference value. However, sometimes the period 1961-1990, recommended by the WMO (2017), is used to evaluate long-term temperature changes.
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