Synoptic Climatology of Cuba. Part 3: The climatic characteristics of the groups, types and subtypes of situations (1970-2022)
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Abstract
Based on the concepts and results of the “Catalog of the types of synoptic situations that influence Cuba”, which contains the updated and validated daily series of the types of synoptic situations that influenced the western and eastern halves of Cuba during the period of 53 years from 1970 to 2022, the regional description of the main climatic characteristics of each type of synoptic situation is presented: monthly frequencies, seasonal and multi-year variability, trends and change points at the 95% confidence level, as well as the behaviors anomalous with respect to the average of the period 1981-2010. Important differences are identified in the duration of the days of influence and in the space-time characteristics of the synoptic processes that affect both halves of the country. Therefore, the genesis of the qualitative and quantitative changes observed in the Cuban climate is associated with the observed trends in the frequencies of occurrence of some typical winter extratropical processes, and with relatively recent variations in the influence of the oceanic subtropical anticyclone over Cuba, which may be reflecting the potential impacts of global warming on atmospheric circulation processes, which act as climate-forming factors for the entire Caribbean region, including Cuba.
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