State of the climate in Cuba 2023. Extended summary.
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Abstract
This report analyzes the main indicators that characterize Cuba's climate as well as some factors that regulate its variability in the region. Also included are some of the extreme weather and climate phenomena that have a high impact in Cuba. Variables such as temperature and rainfall are particularly important. As the main climate modulating factor, although it is not the only one, the behavior of the El Niño - Southern Oscillation (ENSO) event during 2023 is included. All information is referred to the standard climatological normal from 1991 to 2020, making it possible to compare recent or current observations as well as calculate the deviations or anomalies of a value with respect to that reference value. However, sometimes the period 1961-1990 is used, recommended by the WMO (2017) to evaluate long-term temperature changes, and in the case of bioclimatic conditions, the historical periods 1981-2010 was used.
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