Atmospheric externalities associated with the cuban thermoelectric power plants in 2015
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Abstract
The present work is an update in the methodologies of estimation of the external costs or atmospheric externalities during the operation of the Thermoelectric Power Plants (TPP) in the country. As a general methodology, was used the Impact Pathways methodology. In each of its stages of the methodology were incorporated new updates. To obtain the pollutants emitted inventory, were also incorporated the Emission Factors obtained from in situ measurements. The SIMPACTS tool carried out the modeling transport of atmospheric pollution. The SIMPACTS current version is better to its previous versions in the step of pollutants transport, because was used the system models CALMET-CALPUFF-CALPOST, which is currently the regulatory model of the EPA to assess the dispersion of pollutants in complex meteorological areas and between 50-300 km from the emission source. This model perfectly fits modeling for the local and regional domain. In addition was carried out, a search and update of Exposure-Response Function values. The most recent and available international studies were used. New health costs and / or updated were estimated, for the effects selected from the most recently studies, including EPA, 2017. The results obtained for the year 2015, show values of externalities between 0.02-0.64 cents CUC/kWh.
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Meneses RuizE., Roig RassiA., Alonso GarcíaD., Paz OrtegaE., & Alvarado CartayaJ. (2020). Atmospheric externalities associated with the cuban thermoelectric power plants in 2015. Revista Cubana De Meteorología, 26(1). Retrieved from http://rcm.insmet.cu/index.php/rcm/article/view/499
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EPA (1995). «User’s Guide for the Industrial Source Complex (ISC3) Dispersion Models». Vol.II-Description of Model Algorithms EPA-454/B-95-003b. US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park
EPA (2010). «External Combustion Sources», AP 42, Fifth Edition. Compilation of Air Pollutant Emission Factors, Volume 1: Stationary Point and Area Sources. US Environmental Protection Agency.
European Commission (2005). ExternE, Externalities of Energy: Methodology 2005 Update, (EUR 21951), Directorate-General XII, Science Research and Development, Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, L-2920, Luxembourg, F75272, Paris, Cedex 06, France
European Commission (2008). Project No 518294 SES6, CASES - Cost Assessment of Sustainable Energy Systems, WP6 - DELIVERABLE D.6.1. “Full cost estimates of the use of different energy sources". Last update: September 2008
Fonseca Y. (2010). «Implementación y aplicación del sistema de modelación CALMET-CALPUFF-CALPOST a escala local». Trabajo de Diploma, Instituto Superior de Tecnologías y Ciencias Aplicadas (INSTEC), Departamento de Ingeniería Nuclear.
Meneses, et al. (2015). «Salida: Metodología establecida para evaluar las externalidades ambientales, desde la perspectiva de análisis de ciclo de vida de tecnologías energéticas, fósiles y renovables. Programa: Desarrollo Sostenible de las Fuentes Renovables de Energía». La Habana, marzo 2015.
Meneses, et al. (2008 a). «Programa Nacional Desarrollo Energético Sostenible. Externalidades del transporte. Propuesta de funciones exposición-respuesta a emplear en los estudios de externalidades del transporte». La Habana, marzo 2008.
Meneses, et al. (2008 b). «Programa Nacional Desarrollo Energético Sostenible. Externalidades del transporte. Valoración de los costos en salud para los efectos seleccionados». La Habana, septiembre 2008.
Meneses, et al. (2017). «Factores de emisión de CO, CO2, NOx y SO2 para instalaciones generadoras de electricidad en Cuba». Revista Cubana de Meteorología, Vol.24, No.1, pp. 1-9, 2018, ISSN: 0864-151X
ONEI, 2016. «Anuario Demográfico de Cuba 2015», Oficina Nacional de Estadísticas e Información, Centro de estudios de Población, Edición Junio de 2016.
Scire, J.S., Strimaitis, D.G., Yamartino, R.J. (2000). «A User’s Guide for the CALPUFF Dispersion Model (Version 5.0). Earth Tech, Inc., Concord, MA».
Spadaro J. (2002). «airpacts Manuel (versión 1.0). A tool for assessing the environmental impacts and damage costs to human health, agricultural crops and man-made structures from exposure to routine atmospheric emissions. International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)», Vienna, Austria. October 2002.