Physical - meteorological factors in the middle tropospheric levels that determinate the occurrence of downbursts in Cuba
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Abstract
The aerovalanchas, as it is called in Cuba to the english term "downburst", are considered as one of the manifestations of local severity. In extreme cases they can cause considerable damage to the economy and society in general. That is why its forecast becomes extremely important for meteorological science and hence numerous investigations are carried out on the subject. However, despite all the efforts that have been carried out, the multiplicity of factors involved in their generation and development, as well as their complexity, prevent it from being known, which elements discriminate when it occurs and when not this severe event. Therefore, the objective of this research was to determine the physical - meteorological factors in the middle troposphere that discriminate the occurrence of the aeroavalanchas, thus contributing to the elaboration of their future forecast. After a rigorous case selection, the compliance of each factor was verified for real cases of aeroavalanchas and thunderstorms without severity, by calculating physical variables. The most relevant results are attributed to the existence of a dry layer at medium levels and the absorption of latent heat by evaporation and fusion.
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Gutierrez-RiveraM., Carnesoltas-CalvoM., & Varela-de la RosaA. (2020). Physical - meteorological factors in the middle tropospheric levels that determinate the occurrence of downbursts in Cuba. Revista Cubana De Meteorología, 26(4). Retrieved from http://rcm.insmet.cu/index.php/rcm/article/view/527
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References
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Rabelo, D. 2012. “Procedimiento para la estimación de la velocidad de la racha máxima de una aeroavalancha”. Trabajo de Diploma de Licenciatura en Meteorología. Instituto Superior de Tecnologías y Ciencias Aplicadas, p. 57.
Rojas, Y. & Carnesoltas, M. 2013. “Configuraciones típicas que adoptan los campos de viento y temperatura a meso escala en la región oriental bajo la influencia de los patrones a escala sinóptica favorables para las tormentas locales severas”. Informe de Resultado. Instituto de Meteorología, p. 116.
Srivastava, R. C. 1985. “A simple model of evaporatively driven down draft: Application to microburst downdraft”. Journal Atmospheric Science., (42):1004-1023.
Stull, R. 2015. Practical meteorology: An algebra-based survey of atmospheric science. Dept. of Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, University of British Columbia, p. 939.
Aguilar, G. 2006. “Condiciones a escala sinóptica para la ocurrencia de aeroavalanchas asociadas a las tormentas locales severas en Cuba. Un esquema para su predicción”. Tesis de Doctorado: Instituto de Meteorología, p. 124.
Atkins, N. T. & Wakimoto, R. 1991. “Wet microburst activity over the southeastern United States. Implications for forecasting weather. Forecasting”, 6:470 - 482.
Caracena, F. & Maier, M. 1987. “Analysis of microburst in the FACE meteorological mesonetwork in southern Florida”. Monthly Weather Review, 115:969 - 985.
Carnesoltas, M., Sierra, M., Rabelo, D., & Fernández, E. 2013. “Factores físicos que influyen en la caída de granizos y en las aeroavalanchas sobre Cuba”. Informe de Resultado. Instituto de Meteorología, p. 65.
Carnesoltas, M. 2019. “Tormentas locales severas. Tres condiciones necesarias. Revista Cubana de Meteorología ”. 25(1): 90-97
De la Nuez, W. 2010. “Ambientes favorables a mesoescala para la ocurrencia de aeroavalanchas en las provincias habaneras”. Trabajo de Diploma de Licenciatura en Meteorología. Instituto Superior de Tecnologías y Ciencias Aplicadas, p. 65.
Foster, D. S. 1958. “Thunderstorm gusts compared with computed downdraft speeds”. Monthly Weather Review , 86:91-94.
Kamburova, P. L. & Ludlam, F. H. (1966). “Rainfall evaporation in thunderstorm downdraughts”. American Meteorological Society, 92:510-518.
Moncrieff, M. W. & Green, J. S. (1972). “The propagation of steady convective overturning in shear”. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, (98):336-352.
OMM. 1992 “Vocabulario Meteorológico Internacional”. OMM - No 182. Ginebra, p. 784.
Orlanski, I., 1975 “A rational subdivision of scale for atmospheric processes”. Bull. Met. Soc., 65(1)527 - 530.
Rabelo, D. 2012. “Procedimiento para la estimación de la velocidad de la racha máxima de una aeroavalancha”. Trabajo de Diploma de Licenciatura en Meteorología. Instituto Superior de Tecnologías y Ciencias Aplicadas, p. 57.
Rojas, Y. & Carnesoltas, M. 2013. “Configuraciones típicas que adoptan los campos de viento y temperatura a meso escala en la región oriental bajo la influencia de los patrones a escala sinóptica favorables para las tormentas locales severas”. Informe de Resultado. Instituto de Meteorología, p. 116.
Srivastava, R. C. 1985. “A simple model of evaporatively driven down draft: Application to microburst downdraft”. Journal Atmospheric Science., (42):1004-1023.
Stull, R. 2015. Practical meteorology: An algebra-based survey of atmospheric science. Dept. of Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, University of British Columbia, p. 939.