Characterization of Lightning in the Vicinity of Benito Juárez International Airport, Mexico (2018–2023)
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Abstract
The vulnerability of Mexico City's airspace to lightning activity is increasing due to the higher frequency and intensity of convective storms. Lightning represents a significant risk to the safety of the population and economic activities. Among its impacts are power outages, which affect the reliability and performance of airport facilities if they are not adequately protected. In this study, a characterization of lightning activity at Mexico City International Airport (Benito Juárez International Airport) was carried out for the period 2018-2023, evaluating its spatial and temporal distribution. This provided the basis for monitoring during flight phases in proximity to the aerodrome. To this end, cartographic representation was used for two flight phases and the airport facility, employing the non-parametric "Kernel Density Estimation" method. The generated characterization, in relation to spatial proximity, allowed for the analysis of the characteristics of this threat and its direct and indirect consequences. The results show that lightning activity varies according to the geographic area of the proximity flight phases, indicating that the operational context is not the same and requires monitoring, in compliance with one of the operational requirements of the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO).
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