Significant physical factors that generate downburst identified from the Sistema de Pronóstico Inmediato
Main Article Content
Abstract
One of the manifestations of Severe Local Storms are the downbursts, which can cause great losses to the country's economy and society in general. The objective of this research was to identify the significant physical factors that generated downburst from the Sistema de Pronóstico Inmediato (SisPI). Five days with reports of downbursts and five days close to these were selected as case studies in which an electrical storm occurred without severity, in order to be able to compare the existing conditions in the environment in both cases. To this end, a series of significant physical factors proposed by previous research were taken into account. From the use of the numerical outputs of the SisPI, with 3 km of spatial resolution, it was possible to obtain a better representation of the pre-existing physical processes in the storm cloud that generated the downbursts. The factors that discriminated between the two storms were the absorption of latent heat by evaporation and fusion, the difference in equivalent potential temperature between the level of maximum humidity in the low levels and of minimum humidity in the middle levels, the speed of the downdraft and Downdraft Available Convective Potential Energy (DCAPE). Unlike previous research, they also discriminated buoyancy and energy advection, both at the middle levels of the troposphere.
Downloads
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Those authors who have publications with this journal accept the following terms of the License Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0):
You are free to:
- Share — copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format
- Adapt — remix, transform, and build upon the material
The licensor cannot revoke these freedoms as long as you follow the license terms.
Under the following terms:
- Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
- NonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.
- No additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.
The journal is not responsible for the opinions and concepts expressed in the works, they are the sole responsibility of the authors. The Editor, with the assistance of the Editorial Committee, reserves the right to suggest or request advisable or necessary modifications. They are accepted to publish original scientific papers, research results of interest that have not been published or sent to another journal for the same purpose.
The mention of trademarks of equipment, instruments or specific materials is for identification purposes, and there is no promotional commitment in relation to them, neither by the authors nor by the publisher.
References
Aguilar, G.; Carnesoltas, M. & Naranjo, L. 2009. “Condiciones a escala sinóptica favorables para la aparición de tormentas locales severas en Cuba. Período poco lluvioso”. Revista Cubana de Meteorología, 15(1):85–108, ISSN 0-864-151-X.
Aguilar, G.; Carnesoltas, M.; Naranjo, L. & Balseiro, C. 2005. “Climatología de las tormentas locales severas en Cuba en el período 1987-2002. Resultados de la modelación de un caso de estudio”. Revista Cubana de Meteorología, 12(1):3–10, ISSN: 2664-0880.
Alfonso, A. P. 1994. Climatología de las tormentas locales severas de Cuba. Cronología. La Habana, Cuba: Editorial Academia, 168 p., ISBN: 978-95-902-0060-1, [Consulted: 20 julio, 2020].
Alvarez, G. 2020. Factores físicos significativos que generan aeroavalanchas identificados a partir del Sistema de Pronóstico Inmediato (SisPI). Trabajo de Diploma de Licenciatura en Meteorología, La Habana, Cuba: Instituto Superior de Tecnologías y Ciencias Aplicadas, Universidad de La Habana, 180 p., [Consulted: 15 octubre, 2020].
Atkins, N. T. & Wakimoto, R. 1991. “Wet microburst activity over the southeastern United States. Implications for forecasting weather”. Forecasting, 6(4):470 – 482, DOI: 10.1175/1520-0434(1991)006<0470: WMAOTS>2.0.CO;2.
Burlando, M.; Romanic, D.; Boni, G.; Lagasio, M. & Parodi, A. 2020. “Investigation of the weather conditions during the collapse of the Morandi Bridge in Genoa on 14 august 2018 using field observations and WRF Model”. Atmosphere, 11(7):72, DOI: .org/10.3390/atmos11070724.
Caracena, F. & Maier, M. 1987. “Analysis of microburst in the FACE Meteorological Mesonetwork in Southern Florida”. Monthly Weather Review, 115(5):969 – 985, DOI: 10.1175/1520-0493(1987)115<0969: AOAMIT>2.0.CO:2.
Carnesoltas, M. 2019. “Tormentas locales severas. Tres condiciones necesarias”. Revista Cubana de Meteorología, 25(1):90–97, ISSN: 2640-0880.
Carnesoltas, M.; Aguilar, G. & Naranjo, L. 2010. “Condiciones sinópticas favorables para la aparición de tormentas locales severas en Cuba. Período lluvioso”. Revista Cubana de Meteorología, 16(1):13–31, ISSN 0-864-151-X.
Carnesoltas, M.; Sierra, M.; Rabelo, D. & Fernández, E. 2013. Factores físicos que influyen en la caída de granizos y en las aeroavalanchas sobre Cuba. Informe Científico de resultado, La Habana, Cuba: Instituto de Meteorología, 65 p., [Consulted: 2 septiembre, 2020].
Doswell III, C. A. 1982. The Operational Meteorology of Convective Weather. Technical Memorandum NWS NSSFC-5. I, NTIS Accession No. PB83-162321, NOAA, 100p., [Consulted: 15 septiembre, 2020].
Durán, I. 2016. “Cantidad de días con lluvia y su distribución por intervalos en condiciones normales y de sequía severa en el occidente de Cuba”. Revista Cubana de Meteorología, 22(1):49–65, ISSN: 0864-151X.
Gutierrez, M. 2020. “Factores físicos - meteorológicos en los niveles medios troposféricos que determinan la ocurrencia de aeroavalanchas en Cuba”. Revista Cubana de Meteorología, 26(4), ISSN: 2664-0880.
Lecha, L. B.; Paz, L. R. & Lapinel, B. 1994. El clima de Cuba. La Habana, Cuba: Editorial Academia, 235 p., ISBN: 959-02-006-0, [Consulted: 29 agosto, 2020].
Oreskovic, C. 2016. Numerical investigation of full scale thunderstorm downbursts: A parametric study and comparison to meteorological model. Electronic master thesis and dissertation repository. Ontario, Canadá: The University of Western Ontario, 172p., Available:
Rabelo, D. 2012. Procedimiento para la estimación de la velocidad de la racha máxima de una aeroavalancha. Trabajo de Diploma de Licenciatura en Meteorología. La Habana, Cuba: Instituto Superior de Tecnologías y Ciencias Aplicadas, 60 p., [Consulted: 8 octubre, 2020].
Sierra, M.; Borrajero, I.; Ferrer, A.; Morfa, Y.; Morejón, Y. & Hinojosa, M. 2017.Estudios de sensibilidad del SisPI a cambios de la PBL, la cantidad de niveles verticales y las parametrizaciones de microfísica y cúmulos, a muy alta resolución. Informe Científico de resultado, La Habana, Cuba: Instituto de Meteorología, 26p., [Consulted: 15 septiembre, 2020].
Srivastava, R. C. 1985. “A simple model of evaporatively driven down draft: Application to microburst downdraft”. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 42(10):1004–1023, DOI: 10.1175/1520-0469(1985)042<1004: SMOED>2.0.CO;2.
Stull, R. 2015. Practical meteorology: An algebra-based survey of atmospheric science. Dept. of Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences. University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canadá, 939p., ISBN-13: 978-0-88865-176-1, Available: http://www.eos.ubc.ca/books/Practical_Meteorology/.